Xylooligosaccharide yioligosaccharide esebenzayo eye yatsala ingqalelo enkulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. I-Xylo-oligosaccharides inoluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi ye-physiological. Ukongeza ekuphuculeni i-intestinal microecology, ikwalawula ukukhuselwa kwe-insulin, i-cholesterol ephantsi ye-serum, ivuselela ukufunxa kwamathumbu emathunjini, i-anti-caries, i-antioxidant, i-anti-allergic, i-cytotoxicity ekhethiweyo, njl. Imiphumo ye-Physiological [1]. I-xylo-oligosaccharides yendalo ifumaneka kwiziqhamo, imifuno, i-bamboo, ubusi kunye nobisi.
Ukongeza, i-xylo-oligosaccharides ayikwazi ukufunxwa ngumzimba womntu kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kuphela i-microorganisms emathunjini, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza iibhaktheriya eziluncedo ezifana ne-bifidobacteria kunye ne-lactobacilli emathunjini ukuvelisa i-molecule encinci ye-fatty acids enenzuzo kumninimzi, kwaye ngokukhetha inqanda i-Escherichia coli, iClostridium Ikhusela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi kunye neebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic ezifana ne-Bacillus sp., Ngoko i-xylo-oligosaccharides ithathwa njenge-soluble dietary fibers kunye nomsebenzi we-prebiotic. Ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekutyeni nakwimveliso yezempilo, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa njengencasa yencasa kwizigulana ezinesifo seswekile. iarhente.
Ukuze imizimba yabantu neyezilwanyana ikhule kwaye ivelise kwakhona, ngaphezu kokukhanya kwelanga kunye nomoya, kufuneka ithathe ukutya, kwaye izondlo ezikukutya okuthathwe yonke imihla kufuneka zifezekise i-metabolism elinganayo yomzimba. Izithako zokutya ikakhulu ziquka iindidi ezisixhenxe: iicarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamin, inorganic salts, amanzi kunye nefiber, ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zizondlo. Kunye neoksijini engena emzimbeni womntu okanye wesilwanyana ngokuphefumla, zifumana inkqubo ye-metabolic kwaye ziguqulwa zibe zizinto ezenza umzimba kunye namandla agcina imisebenzi yobomi. Ke, zizinto eziyimfuneko ekugcineni ukwakheka kwezinto kunye nemisebenzi yefiziyoloji yomzimba womntu okanye wesilwanyana, kwaye zisisiseko sezinto ezibonakalayo kwimisebenzi yobomi.
01 Nciphisa iswekile yegazi kunye negazi lipids
I-Xylo-oligosaccharides yiswekile engagaywanga okanye ifakwe kwiinkqubo zokugaya ukutya kwabantu kunye nezilwanyana. Ukutya akuhambelani ngokuthe ngqo kwixabiso elilinganisiweyo leswekile yegazi lomntu. Uninzi lwe-xylo-oligosaccharides engena kwiinkqubo zokugaya ukutya kwabantu okanye izilwanyana zixutywa yizinto eziphilayo ezixhamlayo emathunjini amakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweebhaktheriya. Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba i-xylo-oligosaccharides ineziphumo ezilungileyo ekunciphiseni iswekile yegazi. UZhu Jie et al. [5] ilawulwa i-xylo-oligosaccharide kwiigundane kwaye ilinganise ubunzima bomzimba wabo, i-serum yegazi, i-alanine aminotransferase, i-triglycerides, njl. iigundane ngaphandle kokutshintsha umxholo we-alanine aminotransferase, ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-triglycerides kunye ne-cholesterol epheleleyo, kunye nokwandisa umlinganiselo we-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol kwi-cholesterol epheleleyo. Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukuba i-xylo-oligosaccharides inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iswekile yegazi kunye negazi lipids ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi kwizinto eziphilayo. Chen Haishan et al. [6] wafunda umphumo we-xylobiose kwi-lipids yegazi, iswekile yegazi, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwiimpuku. Uvavanyo lukhethe iimpuku ezityebileyo kwaye zondla ngokuqhubekayo i-xylobiose. Baye bafumanisa ukuba umxholo we-cholesterol kwi-serum yeegundane wancitshiswa kakhulu, obonisa ukuba i-xylobiose inako Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iswekile yegazi kunye negazi lipids, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwiigundane kuvinjelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
02 Ukwandisa iBifidobacteria
Njengoko isantya sobomi babantu sikhula kwaye noxinzelelo lomsebenzi lusanda, ukutya kwabo kuya kusiba ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye kungabikho ngqiqweni. Izifo ezisebenzayo zenkqubo yokwetyisa ezifana nokudumba kwesisu, urhudo, nokuqhinwa ziya zixhaphaka ngakumbi, zichaphazela ngokunzulu umgangatho wobomi babantu. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba izifo ezisebenzayo zesisu zinobudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye neentyatyambo zamathumbu [7]. Kungxamisekile ukuphucula imeko yamathumbu kunye nokukhusela impilo yabantu. Uninzi lwe-xylo-oligosaccharides engena kwi-digestive tract iya kuhlala emathunjini amakhulu, kwaye emva koko ifunnwe kwaye isetyenziswe yi-bifidobacteria. Ziya kubiliswa kwaye zithotywe zibe yi-short-chain fatty acids, imiba ye-bifid, i-antibiotics kunye nezinye izinto ezithintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezibolile zokuqala kunye neebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic eziphuma emathunjini. Ukwandisa, ukunciphisa iimveliso zokuvutshelwa okunetyhefu, ukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi, kwaye kube nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwamathumbu [8]. Ukongeza, i-phosphatidic acid kumphezulu wenani elikhulu le-bifidobacteria inokutsalela omnye komnye kwiiseli ze-epithelial zamathumbu, zithathe indawo ye-mucosal yamathumbu, kwaye zenze umqobo okhuselayo we-biofilm kwi-intestinal mucosa, ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi kwaye ukuphucula impilo yamathumbu. Ubume be-Intracanal kunye nendima yokukhusela amathumbu [9].
03 Anti-caries
Unobangela we-caries yamazinyo kukuba iibhaktheriya zeStreptococcus kwi-dental plaque zivelisa i-acids eziphilayo, ezinciphisa i-acidity kunye ne-alkalinity yendawo eqhelekileyo yomlomo, ebangela ukuba i-enamel emazinyweni ziwe, kwaye amazinyo alahlekelwa ukhuseleko lwawo, okuvumela ii-microorganisms kwi-plaque. ukuhlasela ngakumbi. I-Xylo-oligosaccharides ayikwazi ukugaywa kwi-cavity yomlomo womntu kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa yi-microorganisms kwi-cavity yomlomo [10]. Ngoko ke, i-xylo-oligosaccharides njenge-sweeteners ekutyeni ayiyi kuchaphazela indawo yendalo yendalo yomlomo womlomo. Ukongeza, xa i-xylo-oligosaccharides kunye ne-sucrose zikhona ngexesha elifanayo, ziyakwazi ukuthintela i-sucrose ukuba idityaniswe yi-microorganisms kwaye ivelise i-glucose ephezulu ye-molecular enganyibilikiyo, ikhusela i-enamel ebusweni bezinyo ukuba ingawi, kwaye idlale indima ethile yokukhusela.
04 Isiphumo se-Antioxidant
Impembelelo ye-antioxidant ibonakala ngokukodwa kwinqanaba le-antioxidant yezinto okanye inqanaba le-enzymes ye-antioxidant eguqula i-oxides. UZhu Jie et al. [5] yafumanisa ukuba emva kokongeza i-xylo-oligosaccharides, nokuba iigundane zondla ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu okanye iigundane zondliwe ukutya okuqhelekileyo, amanqanaba e-glutathione oxidized kunye ne-malondialdehyde kwi-serum, intliziyo kunye nesibindi ayenxulumene nalawo eempuku ezondla i-high- ukutya okunamafutha okanye ukutya okuqhelekileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa neqela elingenanto yokulawula, amanqanaba okunciphisa i-glutathione ene-oxidized anda kakhulu. Uphononongo luphinde lwafumanisa ukuba amanqanaba e-antioxidant enzymes afana ne-superoxide dismutase, i-catalase kunye ne-glutathione peroxidase kwiintliziyo zeegundane ezondla ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu e-xylo-oligosaccharides afaniswa nalawo akwiqela elingenanto yokulawula. Ukonyuka ngokuphawulekayo, umxholo we-enzyme ye-antioxidant awuzange uhluke kakhulu kulowo weempuku eziqhelekileyo [11]. Ikhono legazi le-lipid metabolism yabantu kunye nezilwanyana linokubalwa ngumthamo we-antioxidant ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, ngoko ke ukongeza inani elifanelekileyo le-xylo-oligosaccharide ekudleni kunokuphucula kakhulu amandla e-antioxidant.
05 Yenza amajoni omzimba asebenze
Ukudumba okusulelayo kusenokuba kukudumba okungosuleliyo. Ukuthathwa kwe-oligosaccharides kunokulwa ngokufanelekileyo nokuvuvukala. UGobinath et al. [13] yafumanisa ukuba i-xylo-oligosaccharides iphucula ukusebenza komzimba ngokusasazwa kwe-bifidobacteria. Ukusinda kwenani elikhulu le-Bifidobacterium kuya kwandisa kakhulu inani le-leukocyte yegazi le-peripheral kunye neeseli ezibulalayo zendalo. Inokunyusa inani le-peripheral blood monocytes, ikhulise imisebenzi ye-serum alkaline phosphatase kunye ne-lysozyme, kwaye ijikeleze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba womntu nge-lymphatic system. Ivuselela i-immune system kwaye ikhuthaze ulwahlulo kunye nokuphuhliswa kweeseli kwi-immune system ethatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo zokuzivikela.
I-Xylo-oligosaccharides ngokwemvelo ikhona kwiziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kwaye inokuveliswa nge-hydrolyzing xylan. Ubumnandi be-xylo-oligosaccharides yi-30% ukuya kwi-40% ye-sucrose. Xa kuthelekiswa namanye ama-oligosaccharides, afana ne-fructooligosaccharides, ineenzuzo zokuzinza okulungileyo, ukumelana ne-asidi kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
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