Berberine hydrochloride

Ineempembelelo ezithintelayo kwi-Escherichia coli, i-Escherichia coli, i-Diplococcus pneumoniae, i-Staphylococcus aureus, i-Streptococcus, i-Typhi kunye ne-amoeba. Ngokweklinikhi, isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa izifo kunye neebhaktheriya. Kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba le mveliso inempembelelo echasene ne-arrhythmic. I-Berberine inomsebenzi wokuchasana ne-tumor kwi-vitro kwaye inokubangela ukukhutshwa kweeseli ze-B16; ngokufanayo ne-cytarabineihydrochlorideinesiphumo esihle kwi-vitro.

Injongo
I-alkaloid ye-isoquinoline. Ifomula yemolekyuli [C20H18NO4]+. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-berberine. Ikho kwizityalo ezininzi kwi-10 genera kunye neentsapho ezi-4 kuquka iBerberidaceae. I-Berberine inokukhupha iikristale ezityheli ezifana nenaliti ukusuka kwi-diethyl ether. Indawo yokunyibilika 145℃. Inyibilika emanzini, ayinyibiliki kwibenzene, ether kunye nechloroform. I-Berberine yi-alkaloid ye-quaternary ammonium, kwaye ukunyibilika kweetyuwa zayo emanzini kuncinci, umzekelo, i-hydrochloride yi-1: 500 kunye ne-sulfate yi-1:30. I-crystals ye-berberine ekhutshwe emanzini okanye i-ethanol ehlanjululwe iqulethe i-molecule ye-5.5 yamanzi e-crystal; ukuba zenziwe ngekristale ukusuka kwikloroform, iacetone okanye ibenzene, zikwanazo neemolekyuli zokunyibilikisa ezihambelanayo. I-Berberine inokunyangwa nge-alkali eyahlukileyo ukufumana iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ze-berberine: ifom ye-quaternary ammonium, i-aldehyde form kunye ne-alcohol, phakathi kwayo ifom ye-quaternary ammonium iyona izinzile. I-Berberine ineempembelelo ze-antibacterial kwi-hemolytic Streptococcus, i-Staphylococcus aureus, i-Neisseria gonorrhoeae, i-Freundii kunye ne-Shigella dysenteriae, kwaye iphakamisa i-phagocytosis yeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. I-Berberine hydrochloride (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-berberine hydrochloride) isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukunyanga isifo se-gastroenteritis, i-bacillary dysentery, njl.

i-pharmacology
i-pharmacodynamics
Ine-antibacterial spectrum ebanzi kwaye ineempembelelo zokulwa ne-antibacterial kwiintlobo ngeentlobo ze-Gram-positive kunye ne-negative bacteria kwi-vitro, kuquka i-hemolytic Streptococcus, i-Staphylococcus aureus, kunye ne-Vibrio cholerae. I-Meningococci, i-Shigella dysenteriae, i-typhoid bacilli, i-Diphtheria bacilli, njl. Ziyi-bacteriostatic kwiindawo eziphantsi kwaye zibulala iintsholongwane kwiindawo eziphezulu. Ikwanazo neziphumo ezithile zokuthintela kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane, i-amoeba, i-leptospira, kunye nokungunda okuthile kwesikhumba. Iimvavanyo ze-in vitro ziqinisekisile ukuba i-berberine inokuphucula amandla e-phagocytic ye-leukocytes kunye ne-reticuloendothelial system yesibindi. I-Shigella dysenteriae, i-hemolytic Streptococcus, i-Staphylococcus aureus, njl. Akukho ukuchasana phakathi kwale mveliso kunye ne-penicillin kunye ne-streptomycin.

Pharmacokinetics
Ukufunxwa kakuhle ngomlomo. Emva kwesitofu, ngokukhawuleza ingena kwizitho ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nezicubu, kwaye ukuxinwa kwegazi kugcinwa ixesha elifutshane. Uxinzelelo lwegazi emva kwenaliti ye-intramuscular iphantsi kunobuncinci be-inhibitory concentration. Ichiza lisasazwa ngokubanzi, ikakhulu entliziyweni, amathambo, imiphunga kunye nesibindi. Ixesha lokugcinwa kwiithishu lifutshane, kwaye kuphela umkhondo oseleyo emva kweeyure ezingama-24. Uninzi lwamachiza lufakwe kwi-metabolized kwaye lupheliswe emzimbeni, kwaye kuphela ngaphantsi kwe-5% yedosi elawulwayo ikhutshwe ngendlela yokuqala kwiiyure ezingama-48.
Ngokweengxelo zamva nje, kukholelwa ukuba le mveliso inokunciphisa inani le-pili ebusweni bebhaktheriya, ukukhusela ibhaktheriya ukuba inamathele kwiiseli zomntu, kwaye inefuthe lonyango. Le mveliso nayo inefuthe kwi-Helicobacter kwaye inokunciphisa i-gastritis, izilonda zesisu kunye ne-duodenal.

Ikhubazekile kwaye isetyenziswe ngononophelo
Nangona ingasetyenziswa kubantwana, i-contraindicated kubantwana abane-hereditary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency kuba le mveliso ingabangela i-anemia ye-hemolytic kwaye iholele kwi-jaundice.

Ukusabela kakubi
(1) Iimpendulo ezingathandekiyo ngomlomo zinqabile, kunye nesicaphucaphu ngamathuba athile, ukuhlanza, irhashalala kunye nomkhuhlane weziyobisi, ophelayo emva kokuyeka iziyobisi.
(2) Isitofu esifakwa kwi-intravenous okanye ukutofelwa kunokubangela ukusabela okufana ne-vasodilation, i-blood pressure drop, kunye nokudandatheka kwentliziyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-Aspen syndrome ingenzeka, kunye nokufa. I-China ibhengeze ukupheliswa kweenaliti ezahlukeneyo ze-berberine hydrochloride.
Abantu abambalwa banokungakhululeki kwesisu okanye isisu, ukuqhina okanye urhudo.

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